Journal of Management and Digital Transformation

Gospodarka odpadowa stanowi jedną z podstaw dostosowania polityk ekologicznych państw do zasad zrównoważonego rozwoju. Zarówno wytyczne międzynarodowe jak i krajowe polityki poszczególnych państw zakładają osiąganie obowiązujących standardów, spośród których jednym z podstawowych jest odpowiednia gospodarka odpadowa zmierzająca do ochrony zasobów naturalnych. Krajowe przepisy prawne nakładają na gminy obowiązek realizowania założeń gospodarki odpadami zarówno w procesie ich odzysku, utylizacji jak i składowania. Wysokie standardy obowiązujące w krajach „starej Unii Europejskiej” (jak Niemcy czy Dania) stanowią dla Polski i jej samorządów najlepsze wzorce w zakresie postępowania z odpadami, odzyskiwania w procesie recyklingu wszystkiego, co stanowi wartość zasobów oraz w obszarze utylizowania i składowania odpadów. Zarówno w polskich realiach przemian: gospodarczych, społecznych, ekonomicznych jak i w międzynarodowych standardach ekologicznych gospodarka odpadowa stanowi wielkie wyzwanie, stawiając przed samorządami konieczność wypracowywania odpowiednich modeli działania w tym zakresie, równolegle z koniecznością edukowania swoich mieszkańców. Aby osiągać z roku na rok coraz lepsze rezultaty poszczególne samorządy muszą inwestować zarówno w nowoczesną infrastrukturę jak i edukację ekologiczną. Miasto Kraków przeżywa rozwój w zakresie gospodarki odpadowej dzięki komunalnej infrastrukturze oraz szeregu podmiotów zaangażowanych w poszczególne etapy tej działalności, stając się przykładem dla innych samorządów. Niniejszy artykuł opisuje Krakowski Holding Komunalny S.A. jako spółkę, która w złożonych procedurach gospodarki odpadowej miasta przyczynia się do podnoszenia standardów ekologicznych Krakowa oraz dążenia do gospodarki obiegu zamkniętego.

The pandemic period forced universities to move towards remote working. During this period, teachers sought the best solutions within their capabilities. As a result of the experience gained during the pandemic period, universities are preparing to develop the best practices of remote teaching and to incorporate these practices in the processes of student education. The paper presents a proposal for the adaptation of the educational processes of computer science students in undergraduate engineering courses in the post-pandemic period.

Classification of natural languages is one of the main tasks of linguistics. Of the various types of language classification, the most reliable and authoritative seems to be the typological classification, which combines languages into units of a higher order on the basis of similarity of their structural features. The typological similarity of languages may be a result of both their origin from a common ancestor, i.e. a proto-language, and interlingual borrowings concerning both lexis and syntactic structures. The paper presents a proposal for the construction of a system intended for the automatic classification of natural languages according to their degree of typological similarity. The system developed by the authors currently includes 72 languages belonging mainly to the Indo-European language family. The system also includes several languages belonging to other language families and selected artificial languages of a naturalistic type. The authors have presented a computer programme for determining a numerical measure of the degree of mutual similarity between the systems of personal pronouns occurring in different languages of the world. In the future it is planned to build analogous systems to determine the measure of similarity between languages on the basis of automatic analysis of verb conjugation patterns and declension patterns of nouns and adjectives of selected languages.

Computer-aided translation is the oldest and at the same time the most prominent subject in the field of artificial intelligence. The idea of using computers to translate texts written in natural language is almost as old as the invention of the computer itself. At first it seemed easy to implement and it was expected that in a decade or so the profession of translator would finally disappear because only digital machines would do this kind of work. However, it took more than 60 years of intensive research for this dream to become a reality in modern times. A breakthrough in computer translation research was the application of computational techniques based on artificial neural networks using deep learning algorithms. In 2017, the translation service DeepL was launched, which is a computer program using deep learning in automatic translation. The program under consideration provides translation of very high quality between any pair of more than 20 languages. Among other things, the programme enables translation from and into Polish. The article presents a brief history of research on computer-aided translation, discusses the basic difficulties that had to be overcome on the way to building computer-aided translators, and discusses the basic approaches used in automatic translation. Finally, interesting results of experiments carried out with the program DeepL are presented, which prove its very high efficiency in translation between any pair of languages, regardless of the degree of their genetic affinity.

The purpose of this paper is to compare the financial and economic efficiency of a wind farm and a photovoltaic farm in order to support the decision on the most effective investment in renewable energy sources aimed at providing energy to the economic zone in southern Poland. The paper presents the application of financial-economic analyses of selected renewable energy sources (RES). The ax-ante analysis of RES was carried out based on the projected data from the sites, such as determination of wind energy potential (speed, terrain roughness) and insolation. Net present value and internal rate of return were calculated based on assumptions made about energy prices, capital expenditures and operating costs, and environmental effects in the form of avoided emissions. The results show that the profitability of RES investments depends on several factors, which are analysed in the paper in relation to the case study. Therefore, the results presented should especially inform the decision maker about the costs and benefits of both financial and economic RES installations.

In IT companies a software development workbench is of great importance. The workbench consists of various software tools needed for software development, and various methods and techniques. Selection of right tools is very important in software development processes. This paper considers the problem of tool selection in the full DevOps software development cycle. DevOps cycle is the most complete software development cycle. The second issue is the selection of software development tools in undergraduate computer science courses. On the one hand, the issue of a the selection of tools that have high didactic value and the selection of such tools that are likely to be used in students’ future work. In order to recognize the problem, an inventory of the used tools was made and a survey was conducted among students of engineering computer science, who largely work in IT companies, about the used tools. As a result of these surveys, a view was formed as to the selection of tools in IT companies and students.

Publications in the field of managerial accounting very rarely deal with the subject of financial management in capital groups, and there is a particularly lack of research in the area of financial planning. This article tries to fill this gap. It presents the specific conditions of budgeting in capital groups. The attention was paid to the synergy factor, which is a natural goal of every organization, especially large organizations, such as capital groups. Moreover, attention was paid to the aspect of consolidation of plans implemented according to the same guidelinesas financial reporting. The problem of planning coordination in capital groups in terms of planning processes and resources is also discussed here.

The paper assumes that there will be no return to pre-pandemic learning style after the pandemic. However, the pandemic was an emergency situation and hence the various ad hoc solutions used worked to a greater or lesser extent. However, after the pandemic, remote learning solutions should be mature, allowing for good learning outcomes and gaining wide student acceptance. The paper addresses the issue of how to assess students’ knowledge during the course and at the end of the course in a remote work. The developed solutions will be a recommendation for those teaching at WSEI Kraków using remote work.